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In Argentina, there are and have been cases of discrimination based on ethnic characteristics or national origin. In turn, racial discrimination tends to be closely related to discriminatory behavior for socio-economic and political reasons.〔(''Los migrantes y la discriminación en Argentina'', por José Sáez Capel, Scripta Nova, Revista Electrónica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Barcelona, 2001 )〕〔 In an effort to combat racism in Argentine society, the National Institute Against Discrimination, Xenophobia and Racism (INADI) was created in 1995 by Federal Law 24515.〔(National Institute against Discrimination, Xenophobia and Racism )〕 Different terms and behaviors have spread to discriminate against certain portions of the population, in particular against those who are referred to as "negros" (blacks), a group that is not particularly well-defined in Argentina but which is associated, although not exclusively, with people of dark skin or hair; members of the working class or lower class (similar to the American term "red neck"); the poor; and more recently with crime. Other racist, xenophobic, and spiteful terms and attitudes have developed against immigrants. Historically, "gallego" (Galician) for Spanish people in general, ''tano'', an apocope of ''napolitano'' (''Napoletani'', from Naples) for Italians and "ruso" (Russian) for Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire and Europe were terms that carried pejorative connotations. These have to some extent carried over to the present, the former as jokes about Galicians and the latter as anti-Semitic insults.〔(''"Ruso"'', Jergas del habla hispana )〕 Today, words such as "bolita", "paragua", and "boliguayo" constitute derogatory terms to refer to certain immigrants of Latin American origin, mostly from neighboring countries like Bolivia and Paraguay. An older xenophobic slur was the use of the name ''godos'' ("Goths", in the sense of barbaric people) for Spaniards or royalists during the Argentine War of Independence.〔Sociedad Científica Argentina (1946). Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina, Volumen 142, p. 241 〕 Anti-Semitism also exists in Argentina, in a context influenced by the large population of Jewish immigrants and a relatively high level of intermarriage between these immigrants and other communities. In many cases, "social relations have become racialized";〔Margulis,1998:79 y ss〕 for example the term "negro" is used to designate a worker, without any relation to the color of his/her skin. It is common for people who hold positions of responsibility in business to refer to the staff as "negros". There is an active debate about the depth of racist conduct in Argentina. While some groups〔(''Pelé desestimó racismo: En Argentina me decían «negro sucio» y no pasó nada'', Radio Cooperativa, 27 de abril de 2006 )〕 maintain that it is only a question of inoffensive or marginal behavior that is rejected by the vast majority of the population, other groups〔(''Argentina: empanada, asado de vaca y mucho racismo'', por Marina Ari, Argentina Indymedia, 30 de abril de 2003 )〕 contend that racism is a widespread phenomenon that manifests itself in many different ways. Some groups also assert that racism in Argentina is no different from that which is present in any other country in the world, while other groups〔(''"La escuela es el peor nido de los prejuicios y el racismo en Argentina"'', Interview with Víctor Ramos, president of SOS Internacional ) 〕 claim that Argentina's brand of racism manifests itself in a number of unique ways that are related to the country's history, culture, and the different ethnic groups that interact in the country. ==Racial terms== A series of terms are used in Argentina that have a certain discriminatory intention and constitute a particular form of racism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Racism in Argentina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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